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Introduction
Before you can use SAS on UCS, you must activate your
UCS account at the Help Desk, SMH 201. You might also
need to work in a class directory or reseach directory
if you are working with extremely large files.
If you log into a UCS workstation in the lab in the Conference Center
152 or lab in Stephens Hall 109, you can bring up the windows version
of SAS and use the mouse and pull down menus. Information on running
SAS in a windows environment is described in SAS 9.1 Companion
for UNIX Environments and is available online.
This document describes how to create a SAS command file and execute
the program in a terminal window on a UCS workstation. The same UNIX
commands issued in the terminal window are used in a telnet session
from a remote site.
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Product Information
- We are running SAS version 9.1.3 on UCS. We are licensing
an academic version that includes the following products:
BASE, EIS, ETS, GIS, GRAPH, IML, OR, QC, STAT. Check with
the SAS consultant (sas@louisiana.edu)
for the complete list of SAS software.
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SAS Documentation
- Documentation is available online at http://support.sas.com/documentation/onlinedoc/sas9doc.html (SAS
9.1.3 in html or pdf format). Manuals of earlier versions
of SAS products are available for checkout from the Help
Desk, Stephens 201.
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Executing SAS
- Login to a workstation connected to UCS. If the screen
is blank, wiggle the mouse, enter clid and password.
- Close any open windows (do not minimize). For each
open window, click on the button in the upper
left corner, click Close.
- Right click and hold down the mouse button to bring
up the Workspace Menu and then select Tools.
Then left click Terminal to bring up a Terminal window.
- Whenever you have more than one window open, you can
reposition the windows so you can see the contents of
both windows (drag the window title to reposition the
window, drag the lower right corner of the window to
resize the window). You can click on either window to
make it the active window (one you can type in).
- At this point you can either copy a SAS program from
a floppy disk or type your SAS program in the Text
Editor window. Follow steps 6 to 10 if you are typing
your program. Start at step 11 if you are copying a file
from a floppy disk.
- Click on the arrow above the Note Pad and Pencil
icon on the Front Panel. Click on the Text Editor menu
item.
- Start typing the SAS program.
- After you have typed (part of) the program, save it
in your home directory. Click File | Save (needed).
This brings up the Text Editor - Save As dialog
box. Type the following in the Enter file name: program1.sas (do
not put spaces in the filename).
- As you continue typing, save your file. Click File
| Save (needed). You will not see the Text
Editor save as dialog box again.
- After you have finished entering the program and saved
the file, click on the Terminal window to make
it the active window and go to step 15.
- If you are going to copy a SAS file from a floppy:
insert the diskette into the drive and if necessary click
on the Terminal window to make it the active
window.
- Type mdir a: to see a list of all the files
on your floppy.
- Type mcopy a:program1.txt program1.sas to copy
the file to your directory. You will assign it the file
extension .sas as you copy it. The file name should not
include spaces.
- Type dos2unix program1.sas program1.sas so UNIX
will recognize the end-of-line character properly.
- Type sas program1 and wait for the command prompt
which will appear after the program finishes running.
(SAS assumes that the file extension of program1 is .sas;
you do not have to type sas program1.sas).
- Executing the SAS program results in a program1.log file
and (hopefully) a program1.lst file. The log file
contains the SAS commands (each line of the program is
numbered), any error messages, any warning messages,
and additional information such as the cpu time per command,
and the page numbers of the output produced for each
command. You will also see information such as the number
of observations and variables processed. Type ls to
see if you have the files.
- Examine the log file in the Terminal window.
Type less program1.log Press the spacebar to
continue down one screen or b to go back a screen.
Press q to exit the less command.
- As you find errors in the log file, fix the associated
commands lines in the program in the Text Editor window
(steps 19 - 20).
- If you copied the program from the floppy: you need
to edit the file in Text Editor. Click on the arrow above
the Note Pad and Pencil icon on the Front Panel. Click
on the Text Editor menu item. If necessary, click
in the Text Editor window to make it the active
window (one you can type in). Click File | Open... and
select program1.sas file. If you created the file
using the Text Editor, click in the Text Editor window
to make it the active window.
- Edit the command file and save the changes File
| Save (needed).
- Click in the Terminal window to make it the
active window, and run the program again (sas program1),
examine the log file, and continue the process of fixing
the program until the program is error free. Note: a
program can run without error and still give incorrect
results!
- Before printing the listing file, examine the listing
file in the Terminal window (less program1.lst).
- Print out the file(s). To print to the Conference Center
free printer type: lpr -Pconflp program1.lst To
print to the Stephens Hall free printer type: lpr
-Psmhxlp program1.lst
- Click the EXIT icon on the Front Panel to log
off the workstation. Click OK in the Logout
Confirmation window.
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Executing SAS in a telnet session
You can work from a PC at home using the programs notepad, ftp,
and telnet.
- Write the SAS commands file using notepad.
- Connect your computer to the internet using the STEP-UP
modem pool or another ISP.
- Start ftp connecting to a machine in the Conference
Center lab. Machine addresses are in the range d1.ucs.louisiana.edu
to d116.ucs.louisiana.edu Then ftp the SAS commands file
to your UCS account.
- Start telnet connecting to a machine in the
Conference Center lab. Machine addresses are in the range
d1.ucs.louisiana.edu to d116.ucs.louisiana.edu
- Type dos2unix program1.sas program1.sas
- Type sas program1
- Type less program1.log (spacebar to go
down a screen, b to go back a screen, and q to
quit the command) and note the errors.
- Make fixes to the SAS commands file on your PC using notepad and ftp the
SAS commands file to your UCS account.
- Type dos2unix program1.sas program1.sas Type sas
program1 Type less program1.log and note
the errors. When the program runs without error, ftp the
listing file (program1.lst) to your PC and copy the
file into a word processor. Then you can print out
the entire file or just print parts.
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Files
Commands Files
Create the SAS commands file with .sas as the
file extension.
Data Files
Data can be in the SAS commands file or in a separate
file. Type pwd to get the complete pathname of the
file. Suppose /home/abc1234/mysas/survey.dat contains
the data for the SAS commands file survey.sas Then survey.sas includes
the SAS command:
infile '/home/abc1234/mysas/survey.dat';
Permanent SAS Data Sets
If you create or use an existing permanent data set
(two part name), you must include a libname statement
in the SAS commands file. For example
libname in '/home/abc1234/mysas';
data in.orders;
This example creates a permanent SAS data set called orders.sas7bdat in
the directory /home/abc1234/mysas To access
the file in another program (and execute proc freq),
include the SAS command statements
libname in '/home/abc1234/mysas';
proc freq data = in.orders;
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SAS/GRAPH
This section describes how to direct SAS/GRAPH output
to the Sun workstation, to the HP Laser black/white (FREE)
printers in Conference Center 152 and Stephens Hall 109.
Type man printer for detailed information about
printers and printer options.
Sun Workstation
Dev Option
The Sun workstation uses the graphics device xcolor.
Include in your SAS commands file the following SAS
statement:
goptions reset=all dev=xcolor
any additional graphics options
;
Modify .Xdefaults
When you display a graph on your workstation, by default,
the graph displays on one-fourth of the screen. You
can display the graph on the entire screen by creating
an .Xdefaults file in your home directory.
Spelling and case are significant when specifying these
resources. The file includes the following lines:
SAS.DMSFont: 10x20
SAS.DMSboldFont: 10x20
SAS.windowUnitType: percentage
SAS.windowHeight : 90
SAS.windowWidth: 90
SAS.maxWindowHeight : 100
SAS.maxWindowWidth: 100
Logout and log back in. Now, the changes to your .Xdefaults file
will go into effect.
Running the Program
- Bring up a terminal window, if necessary.
- cd to the directory containing program1.sas,
if necessary.
- Type sas program1. It may take a few moments
to process the data; then the graph window will appear.
Click anywhere on the graph, with the left mouse
button, to make the graph window disappear.
Black and White Copy
You can print a graphics file on the free black and
white HP Laser postscript printers in the Conference
Center and Stephens Hall. Include the following SAS
commands in your SAS commands file:
filename gsasfile '/home/abc1234/graph.ps';
goptions reset=all dev=lj5sips gaccess=gsasfile
gprotocol='' gsfmode=replace
autofeed handshake=none
any additional graphics options
;
Use pageview on a SUN workstation to preview
your postscript file before printing it to the printer.
Type man pageview for further information.
To run the program:
sas prog_name
pageview graph.ps (to preview on a workstation)
lpr -Pconflp graph.ps (to print in the Conference Center)
lpr -Psmhxlp graph.ps (to
print in Stephens Hall)
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Problems
Cannot Find Batch Input File
SAS assumes that your SAS commands file, with extension .sas,
is in your current directory. For example, if your current
directory contains the SAS commands file test.sas then
you type sas test to run the program. If your
file is TEST.SAS, you must type the file name
and extension (case is significant). Type sas TEST.SAS Likewise,
if test.sas is in another directory, you must
type the full pathname.
Quota
You have disk space in your home directory and additional disk space
in any allocated research or class directories. Make sure that you cd to
the directory set up for your SAS commands files and data. You can
check your quota (disk space still available) at any time by typing quota
-v. This command lists quota on all directories.
If you run out of space, you have several options. You can backup
and then delete unnecessary files. You can use the temporary directory
(/usr/tmp). As a last resort, you can request additional
space. Students must contact their professor. Faculty should contact
the Help Desk (SMH 201 482-5516) for additional information.
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Additional Information
For additional information, refer to Additional
SAS Topics or contact the Help
Desk, Stephens Hall 201; 482-5516.
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